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PDF GuidelinesWe have prepared these guidelines to help you produce reliable and portable PDF documents. The key points to consider are:
These guidelines are split into three main sections: PDF Basics, Making your PDF and Checking your PDF which discuss specific issues in more detail. We welcome author feedback on improving these guidelines so please send your suggestions to jpcs@iop.org, thank you. Distiller joboptions fileAuthors who have access to Acrobat Distiller can download the Journal of Physics: Conference Series Distiller joboptions file which should be used for making your PDF.PDF basicsPDF portability, why is it so important?Font embedding Font subsetting The base 14 and 35 fonts Making your PDFLaTeX2e, dvips and GhostScriptPDFLaTeX Microsoft Word Checking your PDFChecking font embedding with pdffontsChecking font embedding with Acrobat PDF portability, why is it so important?Your article's PDF file will be downloaded by researchers across the globe, and subsequently displayed and printed on many different computer platforms and systems so it is important that your paper is reproduced correctly each time it is viewed or printed. Your PDF file will also be used by reviewers during peer review, by IOP Publishing during the publication process and possibly by print production companies to make hard copies of the proceedings. To achieve all this your PDF file must be as portable as possible.Although the PDF format is designed and able to produce files that are completely portable and independent of the computer used to display them, achieving this portability depends on one main factor: fonts. True portability means that you create a totally self-contained PDF, i.e. it contains the all font data needed to display and print your paper. This requirement is called font embedding. Font embeddingJPCS requirement: embed all your fonts, including the so-called base 14 fonts. However, embedding fonts can be prevented by font license restrictions in which case you will need to use another font.The topic of font embedding in PDFs is a universal problem widely discussed on the internet, a Google search on this topic will yield tens of thousands of tips, tutorials and newsgroup discussions on specific solutions to this problem. Here we will try to summarise some of the main points to consider and provide links where possible to sites that discuss particular topics in detail. How to check font embedding. Font subsettingJPCS requirement: fonts in your PDF can be subsetted or complete, it does not matter as long as they are embedded. Font subsetting means that the PDF does not reference all the characters from the fonts used in your original document (Word, LaTeX etc) but only those characters ("glyphs") actually required to display or print your PDF. The key requirement is that the subset fonts are embedded.The base 14 and 35 fontsJPCS requirement: if your document uses any of the base 14 or base 35 fonts (e.g., Times-Roman) you must embed those fonts in your PDF file. Not embedding these fonts is generally acceptable for everyday use of many documents but for maximum portability we recommend that all fonts, including any of the base 14 or base 35, should be embedded in your article's PDF file.
We have written a small PostScript test file which you can use to create a PDF and test whether your distiller setup (Acrobat, GhostScript etc) is able to embed any or all the base 35 fonts. Making a PDFIn addition to Adobe Acrobat, there are many free and commercial software products that can generate PDF files including GhostScript (free), CutePDF Writer (free + commercial), JAWS pdfcreator (commercial) and many others. Unfortunately we can't cover generating PDFs from all these applications but we will discuss some of the most common methods and suggest two ways to check font embedding.Authors who are experienced in making reliable PDFs with Adobe Distiller may want to skip the following sections and simply download the JPCS Distiller joboptions file. Graphics and image quality"Quality" is difficult to define but you should think about the reader of your PDF: are my graphics and images easy to read? This is especially important if your PDF has been produced with high levels of image compression because some compression processes (e.g., JPEG) can cause graphics to become low resolution, blocky/jagged or otherwise very difficult to read.LaTeX2e, dvips and GhostScriptThere is a wealth of information on the internet discussing how to make good PDFs from LaTeX. We won't repeat the excellent advice which is available in the UK TeX FAQ (for example, see Making Acrobat PDF documents from (La)TeX ). Here we will merely summarise some of the key points.
latex myA4paper
ps2pdf -dMaxSubsetPct=100 -dCompatibilityLevel=1.4 -dSubsetFonts=true -dEmbedAllFonts=true -sPAPERSIZE=a4 myA4paper.psUsing GSView (or similar) you should
Click OK and save your document. Now check the font embedding in your PDF.
PDFLaTeX needs to be configured to include the base 14 fonts in the PDFs it generates.You can
check your current configuration by generating a PDF from PDFLaTeX and
using pdffonts. Configuration of PDFLaTeX requires
editing a configuration file (often updmap.cfg) to force it to embed the
base 14 fonts. The parameter to look for is called pdftexDownloadBase14.
By default this parameter may be set to false, it needs to
be set to true:PDFLaTeXpdftexDownloadBase14 true The precise details may depend on your particular installation so you should consult local documentation. Once you have made your PDF check the font embedding. Microsoft WordThere are numerous ways to create PDFs from Microsoft Word depending on which version of Word you are using. However, for a number of technical reasons, including the ability to process EPS files we do not recommend the use of the older Adobe Acrobat PDFWriter printer driver to produce PDF files directly out of Microsoft Office applications.If you have Microsoft Word 2007 you can use the Microsoft Office Add-in: Microsoft Save as PDF which is a free download from Microsoft's web site. If you are using an earlier version of Word (before Word 2007) with access to the full Adobe Acrobat product you should have the Acrobat PDFMaker Word add-in, which is installed into Word during the Adobe Acrobat setup. On a PC, PDFMaker adds a new menu to Word from where you can configure PDFMaker. In particular you should make sure that it is configured to produce suitable PDFs by choosing the appropriate settings for Distiller. You can download and use the JPCS Distiller settings to create your PDF. If you do not have Adobe's Acrobat Distiller there are other solutions such as:
Checking PDF font embeddingAs discussed above, the single most important requirement is to check the font embedding of your PDF file. Here we will mention two methods for checking font embedding:Checking font embedding with pdffontspdffonts runs on many operating systems and is part of the free Xpdf distribution. If permitted by local software policies you should obtain the latest version of pdffonts by downloading and installing the latest version of Xpdf. To get a listing of the font embedding for a particular PDF file you need to run the pdffonts utility. For example:pdffonts myarticle.pdf and you will see output similar to the following. You are looking for a yes in the emb column for every font.
There are several column headings and full details are in the pdffonts documentation. Of the column headings the ones of interest are: name: the font name, as recorded in the PDF file. You may see strange prefixes to the font name such as the prefix "BJPDOO+" attached to TimesNewRomanPSMT in the above table. These prefixes are created by Distiller to produce unique names for subsetted fonts. type: the type of font (see the pdffonts documentation for full details). emb: "yes" indicates that the font is embedded in the PDF file. sub: "yes" indicates the font is a subset Checking font embedding with Acrobat
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