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The JEM-EUSO mission
Yoshiyuki Takahashi and the JEM-EUSO Collaboration 2009 New J. Phys. 11 065009 (21pp)   doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/11/6/065009

A bump in the ultra-high energy cosmic ray spectrum

Abstract. The interaction of ultra-high energy protons with the 2.7 K microwave radiation leaves its signature on the differential energy spectrum of protons in the form of: pair (e⁺e^-) production bump, pair production dip, pion production bump and 'black body cut off', respectively. following each other as energy increases. The physical interpretation of these features is presented and the method of calculation with the help of calculated energy losses of protons in the gas of 2.7 K relic photons is given. The one-source spectra and many-source (diffuse) spectra are calculated for different values of the propagation time. The cosmological effects, including the growth of energy losses with increasing of redshift, are taken into account. The one-source spectra at large propagation time distinctly demonstrate all four features. The diffuse spectra can have only pronounced pion bump and 'black body cut off'. The Local Supercluster models predict the prominent bump for the wide range of propagation time values

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