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STACKED SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM THE 2006 SGR 1900+14 STORM

B. P. Abbott et al 2009 ApJ 701 L68-L74   doi: 10.1088/0004-637X/701/2/L68  Help

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B. P. Abbott1, R. Abbott1, R. Adhikari1, P. Ajith2, B. Allen2,3, G. Allen4, R. S. Amin5, S. B. Anderson1, W. G. Anderson3, M. A. Arain6, M. Araya1, H. Armandula1, P. Armor3, Y. Aso1, S. Aston7, P. Aufmuth8, C. Aulbert2, S. Babak9, P. Baker10, S. Ballmer1, C. Barker11, D. Barker11, B. Barr12, P. Barriga13, L. Barsotti14, M. A. Barton1, I. Bartos15, R. Bassiri12, M. Bastarrika12, B. Behnke9, M. Benacquista16, J. Betzwieser1, P. T. Beyersdorf17, I. A. Bilenko18, G. Billingsley1, R. Biswas3, E. Black1, J. K. Blackburn1, L. Blackburn14, D. Blair13, B. Bland11, T. P. Bodiya14, L. Bogue19, R. Bork1, V. Boschi1, S. Bose20, P. R. Brady3, V. B. Braginsky18, J. E. Brau21, D. O. Bridges19, M. Brinkmann2, A. F. Brooks1, D. A. Brown22, A. Brummit23, G. Brunet14, A. Bullington4, A. Buonanno24, O. Burmeister2, R. L. Byer4, L. Cadonati25, J. B. Camp26, J. Cannizzo26, K. C. Cannon1, J. Cao14, L. Cardenas1, S. Caride27, G. Castaldi28, S. Caudill5, M. Cavaglià29, C. Cepeda1, T. Chalermsongsak1, E. 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Raymond49, C. M. Reed11, T. Reed55, H. Rehbein2, S. Reid12, D. H. Reitze6, R. Riesen19, K. Riles27, B. Rivera11, P. Roberts56, N. A. Robertson1,12, C. Robinson34, E. L. Robinson9, S. Roddy19, C. Röver2, J. Rollins15, J. D. Romano16, J. H. Romie19, S. Rowan12, A. Rüdiger2, P. Russell1, K. Ryan11, S. Sakata50, L. Sancho de la Jordana57, V. Sandberg11, V. Sannibale1, L. Santamaría9, S. Saraf58, P. Sarin14, B. S. Sathyaprakash34, S. Sato50, M. Satterthwaite44, P. R. Saulson22, R. Savage11, P. Savov31, M. Scanlan55, R. Schilling2, R. Schnabel2, R. Schofield21, B. Schulz2, B. F. Schutz9,34, P. Schwinberg11, J. Scott12, S. M. Scott44, A. C. Searle1, B. Sears1, F. Seifert2, D. Sellers19, A. S. Sengupta1, A. Sergeev51, B. Shapiro14, P. Shawhan24, D. H. Shoemaker14, A. Sibley19, X. Siemens3, D. Sigg11, S. Sinha4, A. M. Sintes57, B. J. J. Slagmolen44, J. Slutsky5, J. R. Smith22, M. R. Smith1, N. D. Smith14, K. Somiya31, B. Sorazu12, A. Stein14, L. C. Stein14, S. Steplewski20, A. Stochino1, R. Stone16, K. A. Strain12, S. Strigin18, A. Stroeer26, A. L. Stuver19, T. Z. Summerscales56, K.-X. Sun4, M. Sung5, P. J. Sutton34, G. P. Szokoly35, D. Talukder20, L. Tang16, D. B. Tanner6, S. P. Tarabrin18, J. R. Taylor2, R. Taylor1, J. Thacker19, K. A. Thorne19, K. S. Thorne31, A. Thüring8, K. V. Tokmakov12, C. Torres19, C. Torrie1, G. Traylor19, M. Trias57, D. Ugolini59, J. Ulmen4, K. Urbanek4, H. Vahlbruch8, M. Vallisneri31, C. van den Broeck34, M. V. van der Sluys49, A. A. van Veggel12, S. Vass1, R. Vaulin3, A. Vecchio7, J. Veitch7, P. Veitch47, C. Veltkamp2, A. Villar1, C. Vorvick11, S. P. Vyachanin18, S. J. Waldman14, L. Wallace1, R. L. Ward1, A. Weidner2, M. Weinert2, A. J. Weinstein1, R. Weiss14, L. Wen31,13, S. Wen5, K. Wette44, J. T. Whelan9,60, S. E. Whitcomb1, B. F. Whiting6, C. Wilkinson11, P. A. Willems1, H. R. Williams38, L. Williams6, B. Willke2,8, I. Wilmut23, L. Winkelmann2, W. Winkler2, C. C. Wipf14, A. G. Wiseman3, G. Woan12, R. Wooley19, J. Worden11, W. Wu6, I. Yakushin19, H. Yamamoto1, Z. Yan13, S. Yoshida61, M. Zanolin45, J. Zhang27, L. Zhang1, C. Zhao13, N. Zotov55, M. E. Zucker14, H. zur Mühlen8 and and J. Zweizig1 (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration62)
1 LIGO - California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
2 Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
3 University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
4 Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
5 Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
6 University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
7 University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
8 Leibniz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
9 Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-14476 Golm, Germany
10 Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
11 LIGO - Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
12 University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK
13 University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
14 LIGO - Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
15 Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
16 The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
17 San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
18 Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
19 LIGO - Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA
20 Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
21 University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
22 Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
23 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, HSIC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
24 University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
25 University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
26 NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
27 University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
28 University of Sannio at Benevento, I-82100 Benevento, Italy
29 The University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA
30 Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
31 Caltech-CaRT, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
32 Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA
33 The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
34 Cardiff University, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
35 Eötvös University, ELTE 1053 Budapest, Hungary
36 University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
37 The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
38 The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
39 Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune 411007, India
40 Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
41 California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
42 University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
43 The University of Texas at Austin, TX 78712, USA
44 Australian National University, Canberra 0200, Australia
45 Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ 86301, USA
46 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
47 University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
48 University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
49 Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
50 National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
51 Institute of Applied Physics, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
52 University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XQ, UK
53 Loyola University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
54 Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
55 Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA
56 Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104, USA
57 Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
58 Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928, USA
59 Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA
60 Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
61 Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA
62 http://www.ligo.org/

ABSTRACT. We present the results of a LIGO search for short-duration gravitational waves (GWs) associated with the 2006 March 29 SGR 1900+14 storm. A new search method is used, "stacking" the GW data around the times of individual soft-gamma bursts in the storm to enhance sensitivity for models in which multiple bursts are accompanied by GW emission. We assume that variation in the time difference between burst electromagnetic emission and potential burst GW emission is small relative to the GW signal duration, and we time-align GW excess power time-frequency tilings containing individual burst triggers to their corresponding electromagnetic emissions. We use two GW emission models in our search: a fluence-weighted model and a flat (unweighted) model for the most electromagnetically energetic bursts. We find no evidence of GWs associated with either model. Model-dependent GW strain, isotropic GW emission energy E GW, and γ ≡ E GW/E EM upper limits are estimated using a variety of assumed waveforms. The stacking method allows us to set the most stringent model-dependent limits on transient GW strain published to date. We find E GW upper limit estimates (at a nominal distance of 10 kpc) of between 2 × 1045 erg and 6 × 1050 erg depending on the waveform type. These limits are an order of magnitude lower than upper limits published previously for this storm and overlap with the range of electromagnetic energies emitted in soft gamma repeater (SGR) giant flares.

Key words: gamma rays: bursts; gravitational waves; pulsars: individual (SGR 1900+14); stars: neutron

Print publication: Issue 2 (2009 August 20)
Received 2009 May 19, accepted for publication 2009 July 17
Published 2009 July 30

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