A joint search for gravitational wave bursts with AURIGA and LIGO

doi:10.1088/0264-9381/25/9/095004

A joint search for gravitational wave bursts with AURIGA and LIGO

L Baggio et al 2008 Class. Quantum Grav. 25 095004 (16pp) doi: 10.1088/0264-9381/25/9/095004

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L Baggio¹, M Bignotto², M Bonaldi³, M Cerdonio², M De Rosa⁴, P Falferi³, S Fattori², P Fortini⁵, G Giusfredi⁶, M Inguscio⁷, N Liguori², S Longo⁸, F Marin⁷, R Mezzena¹, A Mion¹, A Ortolan⁸, S Poggi⁹, G A Prodi¹, V Re¹, F Salemi¹, G Soranzo¹⁰, L Taffarello¹⁰, G Vedovato¹⁰, A Vinante³, S Vitale¹, J P Zendri¹⁰, B Abbott¹¹, R Abbott¹¹, R Adhikari¹¹, J Agresti¹¹, P Ajith¹², B Allen^12,13, R Amin¹⁴, S B Anderson¹¹, W G Anderson¹³, M Arain¹⁵, M Araya¹¹, H Armandula¹¹, M Ashley¹⁶, S Aston¹⁷, P Aufmuth¹⁸, C Aulbert¹⁹, S Babak¹⁹, S Ballmer¹¹, H Bantilan²⁰, B C Barish¹¹, C Barker²¹, D Barker²¹, B Barr²², P Barriga²³, M A Barton²², K Bayer²⁴, K Belczynski²⁵, J Betzwieser²⁴, P T Beyersdorf²⁶, B Bhawal¹¹, I A Bilenko²⁷, G Billingsley¹¹, R Biswas¹³, E Black¹¹, K Blackburn¹¹, L Blackburn²⁴, D Blair²³, B Bland²¹, J Bogenstahl²², L Bogue²⁸, R Bork¹¹, V Boschi¹¹, S Bose²⁹, P R Brady¹³, V B Braginsky²⁷, J E Brau³⁰, M Brinkmann¹², A Brooks³¹, D A Brown¹¹, A Bullington³³, A Bunkowski¹², A Buonanno³⁴, O Burmeister¹², D Busby¹¹, W E Butler³⁵, R L Byer³³, L Cadonati²⁴, G Cagnoli²², J B Camp³⁶, J Cannizzo³⁶, K Cannon¹³, C A Cantley²², J Cao²⁴, L Cardenas¹¹, K Carter²⁸, M M Casey²², G Castaldi³⁷, C Cepeda¹¹, E Chalkley²², P Charlton³⁸, S Chatterji¹¹, S Chelkowski¹², Y Chen¹⁹, F Chiadini³⁹, D Chin⁴⁰, E Chin²³, J Chow¹⁶, N Christensen²⁰, J Clark²², P Cochrane¹², T Cokelaer⁴¹, C N Colacino¹⁷, R Coldwell¹⁵, R Conte³⁹, D Cook²¹, T Corbitt²⁴, D Coward²³, D Coyne¹¹, J D E Creighton¹³, T D Creighton¹¹, R P Croce³⁷, D R M Crooks²², A M Cruise¹⁷, A Cumming²², J Dalrymple⁴², E D'Ambrosio¹¹, K Danzmann^12,18, G Davies⁴¹, D DeBra³³, J Degallaix²³, M Degree³³, T Demma³⁷, V Dergachev⁴⁰, S Desai⁴³, R DeSalvo¹¹, S Dhurandhar⁴⁴, M Díaz⁴⁵, J Dickson¹⁶, A Di Credico⁴², G Diederichs¹⁸, A Dietz⁴¹, E E Doomes⁴⁶, R W P Drever⁴⁷, J-C Dumas²³, R J Dupuis¹¹, J G Dwyer⁴⁸, P Ehrens¹¹, E Espinoza¹¹, T Etzel¹¹, M Evans¹¹, T Evans²⁸, S Fairhurst^11,41, Y Fan²³, D Fazi¹¹, M M Fejer³³, L S Finn⁴³, V Fiumara³⁹, N Fotopoulos¹³, A Franzen¹⁸, K Y Franzen¹⁵, A Freise¹⁷, R Frey³⁰, T Fricke³⁵, P Fritschel²⁴, V V Frolov²⁸, M Fyffe²⁸, V Galdi³⁷, K S Ganezer⁴⁹, J Garofoli²¹, I Gholami¹⁹, J A Giaime^14,28, S Giampanis³⁵, K D Giardina²⁸, K Goda²⁴, E Goetz⁴⁰, L M Goggin¹¹, G González¹⁴, S Gossler¹⁶, A Grant²², S Gras²³, C Gray²¹, M Gray¹⁶, J Greenhalgh⁵⁰, A M Gretarsson⁵¹, R Grosso⁴⁵, H Grote¹², S Grunewald¹⁹, M Guenther²¹, R Gustafson⁴⁰, B Hage¹⁸, D Hammer¹³, C Hanna¹⁴, J Hanson²⁸, J Harms¹², G Harry²⁴, E Harstad³⁰, T Hayler⁵⁰, J Heefner¹¹, I S Heng²², A Heptonstall²², M Heurs¹², M Hewitson¹², S Hild¹⁸, E Hirose⁴², D Hoak²⁸, D Hosken³¹, J Hough²², E Howell²³, D Hoyland¹⁷, S H Huttner²², D Ingram²¹, E Innerhofer²⁴, M Ito³⁰, Y Itoh¹³, A Ivanov¹¹, D Jackrel³³, B Johnson²¹, W W Johnson¹⁴, D I Jones⁵², G Jones⁴¹, R Jones²², L Ju²³, P Kalmus⁴⁸, V Kalogera²⁵, D Kasprzyk¹⁷, E Katsavounidis²⁴, K Kawabe²¹, S Kawamura⁵³, F Kawazoe⁵³, W Kells¹¹, D G Keppel¹¹, F Ya Khalili²⁷, C Kim²⁵, P King¹¹, J S Kissel¹⁴, S Klimenko¹⁵, K Kokeyama⁵³, V Kondrashov¹¹, R K Kopparapu¹⁴, D Kozak¹¹, B Krishnan¹⁹, P Kwee¹⁸, P K Lam¹⁶, M Landry²¹, B Lantz³³, A Lazzarini¹¹, B Lee²³, M Lei¹¹, J Leiner²⁹, V Leonhardt⁵³, I Leonor³⁰, K Libbrecht¹¹, P Lindquist¹¹, N A Lockerbie⁵⁴, M Longo³⁹, M Lormand²⁸, M Lubinski²¹, H Lück¹², B Machenschalk¹⁹, M MacInnis²⁴, M Mageswaran¹¹, K Mailand¹¹, M Malec¹⁸, V Mandic¹¹, S Marano³⁹, S Márka⁴⁸, J Markowitz²⁴, E Maros¹¹, I Martin²², J N Marx¹¹, K Mason²⁴, L Matone⁴⁸, V Matta³⁹, N Mavalvala²⁴, R McCarthy²¹, D E McClelland¹⁶, S C McGuire⁴⁶, M McHugh⁵⁵, K McKenzie¹⁶, J W C McNabb⁴³, S McWilliams³⁶, T Meier¹⁸, A Melissinos³⁵, G Mendell²¹, R A Mercer¹⁵, S Meshkov¹¹, C J Messenger²², D Meyers¹¹, E Mikhailov²⁴, S Mitra⁴⁴, V P Mitrofanov²⁷, G Mitselmakher¹⁵, R Mittleman²⁴, O Miyakawa¹¹, S Mohanty⁴⁵, G Moreno²¹, K Mossavi¹², C MowLowry¹⁶, A Moylan¹⁶, D Mudge³¹, G Mueller¹⁵, S Mukherjee⁴⁵, H Müller-Ebhardt¹², J Munch³¹, P Murray²², E Myers²¹, J Myers²¹, T Nash¹¹, G Newton²², A Nishizawa⁵³, F Nocera¹¹, K Numata³⁶, B O'Reilly²⁸, R O'Shaughnessy²⁵, D J Ottaway²⁴, H Overmier²⁸, B J Owen⁴³, Y Pan³⁴, M A Papa¹³, V Parameshwaraiah²¹, C Parameswariah²⁸, P Patel¹¹, M Pedraza¹¹, S Penn⁵⁶, V Pierro³⁷, I M Pinto³⁷, M Pitkin²², H Pletsch¹², M V Plissi²², F Postiglione³⁹, R Prix¹⁹, V Quetschke¹⁵, F Raab²¹, D Rabeling¹⁶, H Radkins²¹, R Rahkola³⁰, N Rainer¹², M Rakhmanov⁴³, M Ramsunder⁴³, K Rawlins²⁴, S Ray-Majumder¹³, T Regimbau⁴¹, H Rehbein¹², S Reid²², D H Reitze¹⁵, L Ribichini¹², R Riesen²⁸, K Riles⁴⁰, B Rivera²¹, N A Robertson^11,22, C Robinson⁴¹, E L Robinson¹⁷, S Roddy²⁸, A Rodriguez¹⁴, A M Rogan²⁹, J Rollins⁴⁸, J D Romano⁴¹, J Romie²⁸, R Route³³, S Rowan²², A Rüdiger¹², L Ruet²⁴, P Russell¹¹, K Ryan²¹, S Sakata⁵³, M Samidi¹¹, L Sancho de la Jordana⁵⁷, V Sandberg²¹, G H Sanders¹¹, V Sannibale¹¹, S Saraf⁵⁸, P Sarin²⁴, B S Sathyaprakash⁴¹, S Sato⁵³, P R Saulson⁴², R Savage²¹, P Savov³², A Sazonov¹⁵, S Schediwy²³, R Schilling¹², R Schnabel¹², R Schofield³⁰, B F Schutz^19,41, P Schwinberg²¹, S M Scott¹⁶, A C Searle¹⁶, B Sears¹¹, F Seifert¹², D Sellers²⁸, A S Sengupta⁴¹, P Shawhan³⁴, D H Shoemaker²⁴, A Sibley²⁸, X Siemens^11,32, D Sigg²¹, S Sinha³³, A M Sintes^19,57, B J J Slagmolen¹⁶, J Slutsky¹⁴, J R Smith¹², M R Smith¹¹, K Somiya^12,19, K A Strain²², D M Strom³⁰, A Stuver⁴³, T Z Summerscales⁵⁹, K-X Sun³³, M Sung¹⁴, P J Sutton¹¹, H Takahashi¹⁹, D B Tanner¹⁵, M Tarallo¹¹, R Taylor¹¹, R Taylor²², J Thacker²⁸, K A Thorne⁴³, K S Thorne³², A Thüring¹⁸, M Tinto¹¹, K V Tokmakov²², C Torres⁴⁵, C Torrie²², G Traylor²⁸, M Trias⁵⁷, W Tyler¹¹, D Ugolini⁶⁰, C Ungarelli¹⁷, K Urbanek³³, H Vahlbruch¹⁸, M Vallisneri³², C Van Den Broeck⁴¹, M van Putten²⁴, M Varvella¹¹, S Vass¹¹, A Vecchio¹⁷, J Veitch²², P Veitch³¹, A Villar¹¹, C Vorvick²¹, S P Vyachanin²⁷, S J Waldman¹¹, L Wallace¹¹, H Ward²², R Ward¹¹, K Watts²⁸, D Webber¹¹, A Weidner¹², M Weinert¹², A Weinstein¹¹, R Weiss²⁴, S Wen¹⁴, K Wette¹⁶, J T Whelan¹⁹, D M Whitbeck⁴³, S E Whitcomb¹¹, B F Whiting¹⁵, S Wiley⁴⁹, C Wilkinson²¹, P A Willems¹¹, L Williams¹⁵, B Willke^12,18, I Wilmut⁵⁰, W Winkler¹², C C Wipf²⁴, S Wise¹⁵, A G Wiseman¹³, G Woan²², D Woods¹³, R Wooley²⁸, J Worden²¹, W Wu¹⁵, I Yakushin²⁸, H Yamamoto¹¹, Z Yan²³, S Yoshida⁶¹, N Yunes⁴³, M Zanolin²⁴, J Zhang⁴⁰, L Zhang¹¹, C Zhao²³, N Zotov⁶², M Zucker²⁴, H zur Mühlen¹⁸ and J Zweizig¹¹
¹ Physics Department, University of Trento and INFN Gruppo Collegato di Trento, Padova Section, I-38050 Povo (Trento), Italy
² INFN Padova Section and Department of Physics, University of Padova, I-35131 Padova, Italy
³ Istituto di Fotonica e Nanotecnologie CNR-Fondazione Bruno Kessler and INFN Gruppo Collegato di Trento, Padova Section, I-38050 Povo (Trento), Italy
⁴ INOA I-80078 Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy and INFN Firenze Section, I-50121 Firenze, Italy
⁵ Physics Department, University of Ferrara and INFN Ferrara Section, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy
⁶ INOA, CNR, I-50125 Arcetri, Firenze, Italy
⁷ LENS and Physics Department, University of Firenze and INFN Firenze Section, I-50121 Firenze, Italy
⁸ INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, I-35020 Legnaro (Padova), Italy
⁹ Consorzio Criospazio Ricerche, I-38050 Povo (Trento), Italy
¹⁰ INFN Padova Section, I-35100 Padova, Italy
¹¹ LIGO - California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
¹² Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
¹³ University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
¹⁴ Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
¹⁵ University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
¹⁶ Australian National University, Canberra, 0200, Australia
¹⁷ University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
¹⁸ Leibnitz Universität Hannover, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
¹⁹ Albert-Einstein-Institut, Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik, D-14476 Golm, Germany
²⁰ Carleton College, Northfield, MN 55057, USA
²¹ LIGO Hanford Observatory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
²² University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
²³ University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
²⁴ LIGO-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
²⁵ Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
²⁶ San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, USA
²⁷ Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
²⁸ LIGO Livingston Observatory, Livingston, LA 70754, USA
²⁹ Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
³⁰ University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA
³¹ University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
³² Caltech-CaRT, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
³³ Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
³⁴ University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA
³⁵ University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14627, USA
³⁶ NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
³⁷ University of Sannio at Benevento, I-82100 Benevento, Italy
³⁸ Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, NSW 2678, Australia
³⁹ University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
⁴⁰ University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
⁴¹ Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 3AA, UK
⁴² Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
⁴³ The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
⁴⁴ Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pune - 411 007, India
⁴⁵ The University of Texas at Brownsville and Texas Southmost College, Brownsville, TX 78520, USA
⁴⁶ Southern University and A&M College, Baton Rouge, LA 70813, USA
⁴⁷ California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
⁴⁸ Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
⁴⁹ California State University Dominguez Hills, Carson, CA 90747, USA
⁵⁰ Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK
⁵¹ Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Prescott, AZ 86301, USA
⁵² University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
⁵³ National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan
⁵⁴ University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, UK
⁵⁵ Loyola University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
⁵⁶ Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
⁵⁷ Universitat de les Illes Balears, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
⁵⁸ Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
⁵⁹ Andrews University, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA
⁶⁰ Trinity University, San Antonio, TX 78212, USA
⁶¹ Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA 70402, USA
⁶² Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA 71272, USA

Abstract. The first simultaneous operation of the AURIGA detector^* and the LIGO observatory^* was an opportunity to explore real data, joint analysis methods between two very different types of gravitational wave detectors: resonant bars and interferometers. This paper describes a coincident gravitational wave burst search, where data from the LIGO interferometers are cross-correlated at the time of AURIGA candidate events to identify coincident transients. The analysis pipeline is tuned with two thresholds, on the signal-to-noise ratio of AURIGA candidate events and on the significance of the cross-correlation test in LIGO. The false alarm rate is estimated by introducing time shifts between data sets and the network detection efficiency is measured by adding simulated gravitational wave signals to the detector output. The simulated waveforms have a significant fraction of power in the narrower AURIGA band. In the absence of a detection, we discuss how to set an upper limit on the rate of gravitational waves and to interpret it according to different source models. Due to the short amount of analyzed data and to the high rate of non-Gaussian transients in the detectors' noise at the time, the relevance of this study is methodological: this was the first joint search for gravitational wave bursts among detectors with such different spectral sensitivity and the first opportunity for the resonant and interferometric communities to unify languages and techniques in the pursuit of their common goal.

PACS numbers: 04.80.Nn, 95.30.Sf, 95.85.Sz

^* http://www.auriga.lnl.infn.it
^* http://www.ligo.org

Print publication: Issue 9 (7 May 2008)
Received 18 October 2007, in final form 25 January 2008
Published 15 April 2008

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A joint search for gravitational wave bursts with AURIGA and LIGO

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