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Angular momentum of the electromagnetic field: the plane wave paradox resolved

A M Stewart 2005 Eur. J. Phys. 26 635-641   doi: 10.1088/0143-0807/26/4/008  Help

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A M Stewart
Research School of Physical Sciences and Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
E-mail: andrew.stewart@anu.edu.au

Abstract. The angular momentum of a classical electromagnetic plane wave of arbitrary extent is predicted to be, on theoretical grounds, exactly zero. However, finite sections of circularly polarized plane waves are found experimentally to carry angular momentum, and it is known that the contribution to the angular momentum arises from the edges of the beam. A mathematical model is described that gives a quantitative account of this effect and resolves the paradox.

Print publication: Issue 4 (July 2005)
Received 20 December 2004
Published 6 May 2005

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