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Atomic time-keeping from 1955 to the present

Bernard Guinot et al 2005 Metrologia 42 S20-S30   doi: 10.1088/0026-1394/42/3/S04  Help

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Bernard Guinot1 and Elisa Felicitas Arias1,2
1 Observatoire de Paris—Associated astronomers, 61, Av. de l'Observatoire, 75014 Paris, France
2 Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), Pavillon de Breteuil, 92310 Sèvres, France
E-mail: guinot.bernard@wanadoo.fr and farias@bipm.org

Abstract. This paper summarizes the creation and technical evolution of atomic time scales, recalling the parallel development of their acceptance and the remaining problems. We consider a consequence of the accuracy of time measurement, i.e. the entry of Einstein's general relativity into metrology and its applications. We give some details about the method of calculation and the characteristics of International Atomic Time, and we show how it is disseminated at the ultimate level of precision.

Print publication: Issue 3 (June 2005)
Received 4 February 2005
Published 7 June 2005

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