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MAGIC Upper Limits on the Very High Energy Emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts

J. Albert et al 2007 ApJ 667 358-366   doi: 10.1086/520761  Help

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J. Albert1, E. Aliu2, H. Anderhub3, P. Antoranz4, A. Armada2, C. Baixeras5, J. A. Barrio4, H. Bartko6, D. Bastieri7, J. Becker8, W. Bednarek9, K. Berger1, C. Bigongiari7, A. Biland3, R. K. Bock6,7, P. Bordas10, V. Bosch-Ramon10, T. Bretz1, I. Britvitch3, M. Camara4, E. Carmona6, A. Chilingarian11, S. Ciprini12, J. A. Coarasa6, S. Commichau3, J. L. Contreras4, J. Cortina2, M. T. Costado13, V. Curtef8, V. Danielyan11, F. Dazzi7, A. De Angelis14, C. Delgado13, R. de los Reyes4, B. De Lotto14, E. Domingo-Santamaría2, D. Dorner1, M. Doro7, M. Errando2, M. Fagiolini15, D. Ferenc16, E. Fernández2, R. Firpo2, J. Flix2, M. V. Fonseca4, L. Font5, M. Fuchs6, N. Galante6, R. García-López13, M. Garczarczyk6, M. Gaug7, M. Giller9, F. Goebel6, D. Hakobyan11, M. Hayashida6, T. Hengstebeck17, A. Herrero13, D. Höhne1, J. Hose6, C. C. Hsu6, P. Jacon9, T. Jogler6, O. Kalekin17, R. Kosyra6, D. Kranich3, R. Kritzer1, A. Laille16, T. Lenisa14, P. Liebing6, E. Lindfors12, S. Lombardi7, F. Longo14, J. López2, M. López4, E. Lorenz3,6, P. Majumdar6, G. Maneva18, K. Mannheim1, O. Mansutti14, M. Mariotti7, M. Martínez2, D. Mazin6, C. Merck6, M. Meucci15, M. Meyer1, J. M. Miranda4, R. Mirzoyan6, S. Mizobuchi6, A. Moralejo2, K. Nilsson12, J. Ninkovic6, E. Oña-Wilhelmi2, N. Otte6, I. Oya4, D. Paneque6, M. Panniello13, R. Paoletti15, J. M. Paredes10, M. Pasanen12, D. Pascoli7, F. Pauss3, R. Pegna15, M. Persic14,19, L. Peruzzo7, A. Piccioli15, M. Poller1, E. Prandini7, N. Puchades2, A. Raymers11, W. Rhode8, M. Ribó10, J. Rico2, M. Rissi3, A. Robert5, S. Rügamer1, A. Saggion7, A. Sánchez5, P. Sartori7, V. Scalzotto7, V. Scapin7, R. Schmitt1, T. Schweizer6, M. Shayduk6,17, K. Shinozaki6, S. N. Shore20, N. Sidro2, A. Sillanpää12, D. Sobczynska9, A. Stamerra15, L. S. Stark3, L. Takalo12, P. Temnikov18, D. Tescaro2, M. Teshima6, N. Tonello6, D. F. Torres2,21, N. Turini15, H. Vankov18, V. Vitale14, R. M. Wagner6, T. Wibig9, W. Wittek6, R. Zanin2 and J. Zapatero5
1 Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
2 Institut de Física d'Altes Energies, Edifici Cn., E-08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain
3 ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
4 Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
5 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain
6 Max-Planck-Institut für Physik, D-80805 München, Germany
7 Università di Padova and INFN, I-35131 Padova, Italy
8 Universität Dortmund, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
9 University of Łódź, PL-90236 Lodz, Poland
10 Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
11 Yerevan Physics Institute, AM-375036 Yerevan, Armenia
12 Tuorla Observatory, Turku University, FI-21500 Piikkiö, Finland
13 Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
14 Università di Udine, and INFN Trieste, I-33100 Udine, Italy
15 Università di Siena, and INFN Pisa, I-53100 Siena, Italy
16 University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8677
17 Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
18 Institute for Nuclear Research and Nuclear Energy, BG-1784 Sofia, Bulgaria
19 INAF/Osservatorio Astronomico and INFN Trieste, I-34131 Trieste, Italy
20 Università di Pisa, and INFN Pisa, I-56126 Pisa, Italy
21 ICREA and Institut de Cienciès de l'Espai, IEEC-CSIC, E-08193 Bellaterra, Spain

ABSTRACT. During its first data cycle, between 2005 and the beginning of 2006, the fast repositioning system of the MAGIC telescope allowed the observation of nine different gamma-ray bursts as possible sources of very high energy γ-rays. These observations were triggered by alerts from Swift, HETE-2, and INTEGRAL; they started as quickly as possible after the alerts and lasted for several minutes, with an energy threshold varying between 80 and 200 GeV, depending on the zenith angle of the burst. No evidence for gamma signals was found, and upper limits for the flux were derived for all events using the standard analysis chain of MAGIC. For the bursts with measured redshifts, the upper limits are compatible with a power-law extrapolation, when the intrinsic fluxes are evaluated taking into account the attenuation due to the scattering in the metagalactic radiation field.

Subject headings: gamma rays: bursts; gamma rays: observations

Print publication: Issue 1 (2007 September 20)
Received 2006 December 14, accepted for publication 2007 May 22

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